Human Gene Set: KARAKAS_TGFB1_SIGNALING


Standard name KARAKAS_TGFB1_SIGNALING
Systematic name M17300
Brief description Genes up-regulated by TGFB1 [GeneID=7040] in MCF10A cells (breast cancer): both wild-type and those lacking p21 [GeneID=1026].
Full description or abstract Transforming growth factor-beta type 1 (TGF-beta) has been implicated as both a tumor suppressor and a tumor promoter in many solid epithelial cancers. We have previously demonstrated that the cyclin dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor p21 acts as a molecular switch in determining a growth inhibitory versus growth proliferative response to TGF-beta in the spontaneously immortalized human mammary epithelial cell line MCF-10A. We now demonstrate that this proliferative effect of TGF-beta is mediated through the proinflammatory cytokine, interleukin-1alpha (IL-1alpha). Using gene expression array analysis, we identified IL-1alpha as a cytokine specifically upregulated only in cells lacking p21 and only upon TGF-beta stimulation. Cell proliferation assays verified that recombinant IL-1alpha was capable of inducing a growth proliferative response in p21 null MCF-10A cells, while neutralizing antibodies against IL-1alpha prevented the growth proliferative effects of TGF-beta. Mechanistically, both the CDK and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) inhibitory functions of p21 were responsible for preventing TGF-beta induced cell proliferation, but only PCNA inhibition by p21 regulated IL-1alpha gene expression. These studies demonstrate a novel role for IL-1alpha in mediating a proliferative response to TGF-beta signaling, and suggest that therapies directed against IL-1alpha could abate the growth proliferative effects of TGF-beta without compromising its tumor suppressive function.
Collection C2: Curated
      CGP: Chemical and Genetic Perturbations
Source publication Pubmed 16619041   Authors: Karakas B,Weeraratna A,Abukhdeir A,Blair BG,Konishi H,Arena S,Becker K,Wood W 3rd,Argani P,De Marzo AM,Bachman KE,Park BH
Exact source Table 1: up in both
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Source species Homo sapiens
Contributed by Arthur Liberzon (MSigDB Team)
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Version history 3.0: First introduced

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